Chemistry

Learn how to calculate heat capacity using the formula C = q/ΔT, relating heat energy absorbed to temperature change in a substance.

Learn how to calculate molar heat capacity (Cm) with formulas and examples to understand heat required per mole for temperature change.

Explore heat variation calculations in isothermal, isobaric, and isochoric processes with clear formulas and thermodynamic principles explained.

Learn how to calculate Hess’s Law cycle to determine enthalpy changes using Hess’s Law for accurate thermodynamic analysis.

Learn how to calculate the thermal efficiency of chemical processes to optimize energy use and improve overall process performance effectively.