Calculation of Osmotic Pressure (π = MRT)
Learn how to calculate osmotic pressure using the formula π = MRT, where π is osmotic pressure, M is molarity, R is the gas constant, and T is temperature.
Calculation of Colligative Properties (ΔTf, ΔTb, π, etc.)
Learn how to calculate colligative properties like freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, and osmotic pressure with clear formulas and examples.
Calculation of the Solubility Product (Ksp)
Learn how to calculate the solubility product constant (Ksp) to determine the solubility of ionic compounds in aqueous solutions.
Calculation of the Common Ion Effect on Solubility
Learn how to calculate the common ion effect on solubility and understand its impact on the dissolution of ionic compounds in solution.
Calculation of the Heat of Dissolution (ΔH of dissolution)
Learn how to calculate the heat of dissolution (ΔH) to determine energy changes when a solute dissolves in a solvent. Simple steps explained.