Electrochemistry

Calculate cell voltage using the Nernst equation to analyze ion concentration differences and derive the electrochemical potential in concentration cells.

Calculate cell potential with variable concentrations using the Nernst equation to understand electrochemical behavior and reaction dynamics.

Calculation with the Nernst equation under non-standard conditions reveals cell potentials and reaction equilibria beyond standard states.

Calculate Gibbs free energy (ΔG) from cell potential using ΔG = -nFE, linking electrochemical energy to reaction spontaneity.

Calculate reaction spontaneity using ΔG = -nFE, linking electron transfer, Faraday’s constant, and cell potential to predict electrochemical reaction feasibility.